| Abstract: |   Falling particle solar receivers, systems, and methods are disclosed that
     include one non-linear falling particle curtain or two or more falling
     particle curtains within a solar receiver that receives incident solar
     radiation. The particles heated in the solar receiver may be used to heat
     a secondary fluid. In an embodiment, the particles may be recirculated to
     improve energy capture and thermal efficiency. In other embodiments, an
     air curtain may be used across the aperture of the receiver, and
     flow-control devices may be used to evenly spread particles across the
     width of the receiver inlet. Finally, feed particles may be preheated
     using heat from the solar receiver. |