| Abstract: | An apparatus includes an electrochemical half-cell comprising: an
electrolyte, an anode; and an ionomeric barrier positioned between the
electrolyte and the anode. The anode may comprise a multi-electron
vanadium phosphorous alloy, such as VP.sub.x, wherein x is 1-5. The
electrochemical half-cell is configured to oxidize the vanadium and
phosphorous alloy to release electrons. A method of mitigating corrosion
in an electrochemical cell includes disposing an ionomeric barrier in a
path of electrolyte or ion flow to an anode and mitigating anion
accumulation on the surface of the anode. |